HO HLAHALA KA ALKYL POLYGLUCOSIDE

Alkyl glucosides e na le masala a alkyl a hydrophobic a tsoang joala bo mafura le sebopeho sa saccharide sa hydrophilic se tsoang ho D-glucose, tse hokahaneng ka tlamo ea glycosidic. Alkyl glucosides e bonts'a masala a alkyl a nang le liathomo tse ka bang C6-C18, joalo ka li-surfactants tse ngata tse tsoang mefuteng e meng ea lintho, mohlala, li-alkyl polyglycol ethers tse tsebahalang haholo. Sebopeho se hlahelletseng ke sehlopha sa hlooho sa hydrophilic, se entsoeng ka meaho ea saccharide e nang le yuniti e le 'ngoe kapa tse' maloa tse amanang le D-glucose tse amanang le glycosidically. Ka har'a k'hemistri ea tlhaho, li-unit tsa D-glucose li tsoa ho lik'habohaedreite, tse fumanehang hohle tlhahong ka mokhoa oa tsoekere kapa oligo le polysaccharides. Ke ka lebaka leo likarolo tsa D-glucose e leng khetho e totobetseng bakeng sa sehlopha sa li-surfactants tsa hydrophilic, kaha lik'habohaedreite li batla li sa che, li ka nchafatsoa. Alkyl glucosides e ka emeloa ka mokhoa o nolofalitsoeng le o akaretsang ka mokhoa oa bona oa matla.

Sebopeho sa likarolo tsa D-glucose se bontša liathomo tse 6 tsa carbon. Palo ea li-unit tsa D-glucose ho alkyl polyglucosides ke n=1 ho alkyl monoglucosides, n=2 ho alkyl diglucosides, n=3 ho alkyl triglucosides, joalo-joalo. Lingoliloeng, motsoako oa li-alkyl glucosides tse nang le linomoro tse fapaneng tsa li-unit tsa D-glucose hangata li bitsoa alkyl oligoglucosides kapa alkyl polyglucosides. Le ha lebitso "alkyl oligoglucoside" le nepahetse hantle moelelong ona, lentsoe "alkyl polyglucoside" hangata lea khelosa, kaha surfactant alkyl polyglucosides ha se hangata e nang le li-unit tse fetang tse hlano tsa D-glucose, kahoo ha se li-polymers. Meleng ea alkyl polyglucosides, n e bolela palo e tloaelehileng ea li-unit tsa D-glucose, ke hore, tekanyo ea polymerization n eo hangata e leng pakeng tsa 1 le 5. Bolelele ba ketane ea masala a alkyl ea hydrophobic hangata bo pakeng tsa X=6 le X= 8 liathomo tsa carbon.

Mokhoa oo li-alkyl glucosides tsa surfactant li etsoang ka oona, haholo-holo khetho ea lihlahisoa tse tala, li etsa hore ho be le mefuta e fapaneng ea lihlahisoa tsa ho qetela, tse ka bang lik'hemik'hale tse hloekileng tsa alkyl glucosides kapa metsoako ea alkyl glucoside. Bakeng sa ea pele, melao e tloaelehileng ea nomenclature e sebelisoang k'hemistri ea lik'habohaedreite e sebelisoa temaneng ena. Metsoako ea alkyl glucoside e sebelisoang hangata joalo ka li-surfactants tsa tekheniki hangata e fuoa mabitso a sa reng letho joalo ka "alkyl polyglucosides," kapa "APGs." Litlhaloso li fanoe temaneng moo ho hlokahalang.

Foromo ea matla ha e senole stereochemistry e rarahaneng le polyfunctionality ea alkyl glucosides. Masala a alkyl a ketane e telele a kanna a ba le marapo a khabone a mela kapa a makala, leha masala a alkyl a mela hangata a khethoa. Ha re bua ka lik'hemik'hale, li-unit tsohle tsa D-glucose ke polyhydroxyacetals, eo hangata e fapaneng ka mehala ea eona (e nkiloeng ho litho tse hlano tsa furan kapa mehele ea pyran ea litho tse tšeletseng) hammoho le tlhophiso ea anomeric ea sebopeho sa acetal. Ho feta moo, ho na le likhetho tse fapaneng bakeng sa mofuta oa litlamo tsa glycosidic lipakeng tsa li-unit tsa D-glucose tsa alkyl oligosaccharides. Haholo-holo masala a saccharide a alkyl polyglucosides, liphapang tsena tse ka bang teng li lebisa mefuteng e mengata, e rarahaneng ea lik'hemik'hale, e leng ho etsang hore ho be thata ho khetholla lintho tsena.