ALKYL MONOGLUCOSIDE

Alkyl monoglucosides e na le yuniti e le 'ngoe ea D-glucose. Mehaho ea selikalikoe ke e tloaelehileng ea li-unit tsa D-glucose. Mehele ea litho tse hlano le tse tšeletseng tse kenyelletsang athomo e le 'ngoe ea oksijene ha heteroatom e amana le litsamaiso tsa furan kapa pyran. Alkyl D-glucosides e nang le mehele ea litho tse hlano ka hona e bitsoa alkyl d-glucofuranosides, 'me tse nang le mehele ea litho tse tšeletseng, alkyl D-glucopyranosides.

Li-unit tsohle tsa D-glucose li bonts'a tšebetso ea acetal eo athomo ea eona ea khabone e leng eona feela e hokahantsoeng le liathomo tse peli tsa oksijene. Sena se bitsoa anomeric carbon atom kapa anomeric center. Seo ho thoeng ke tlamahano ea glycosidic le masala a alkyl, hammoho le tlamahano e nang le athomo ea oksijene ea reng ea saccharide, e tsoa ho athomo ea carbon ea anomeric. Bakeng sa ho shebana le ketane ea khabone, liathomo tsa khabone tsa li-unit tsa D-glucose li baloa khafetsa (C-1 ho isa ho C-6) ho qala ka athomo ea khabone ea anomeric. Liathomo tsa oksijene li baloa ho ea ka boemo ba tsona ketane (O-1 ho O-6). Athomo ea carbon ea anomeric e nkeloa sebaka ka mokhoa o sa tsitsang, ka hona e ka nka litlhophiso tse peli tse fapaneng. Li-stereoisomer tse hlahisoang li bitsoa anomer 'me li khetholloa ka sehlongwapele α kapa β. Ho ea ka li-nomenclature li-anomers li bonts'a hore e 'ngoe ea litlhophiso tse peli tse ka khonehang tseo bond ea glycosidic e supang ka ho le letona ho liforomo tsa khakanyo ea Fischer ea li-glucosides. Hantle-ntle se fapaneng ke 'nete ka anomers.

Ka nomenclature ea k'hemistri ea lik'habohaedreite, lebitso la alkyl monoglucoside le entsoe ka tsela e latelang: Ho khethoa ha masala a alkyl, lebitso la sebopeho sa anomeric, syllable "D-gluc", lebitso la sebopeho sa cyclic, le tlatsetso ea " ntle.” Kaha karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale ka har'a saccharides hangata e etsahala ho athomo ea carbon ea anomeric kapa liathomo tsa oksijene tsa lihlopha tsa hydroxyl tsa mantlha kapa tsa bobeli, tlhophiso ea liathomo tsa asymmetrical carbon ha e fetohe ka tloaelo, ntle le setsing sa anomeric. Ntlheng ena, nomenclature ea alkyl glucosides e sebetsa haholo, kaha senoko "D-gluc" ea saccharide ea motsoali D-glucose e bolokiloe ha ho hlaha mefuta e mengata e tloaelehileng ea karabelo mme liphetoho tsa lik'hemik'hale li ka hlalosoa ka li-suffixes.

Leha tsamaiso ea nomenclature ea saccharide e ka ntlafatsoa hamolemo ho latela liforomo tsa projeke ea Fischer, liforomo tsa Haworth tse nang le kemiso ea potoloho ea ketane ea khabone hangata li khethoa joalo ka liforomo tsa sebopeho sa li-saccharides. Likhakanyo tsa Haworth li fana ka maikutlo a betere a sebaka sa sebopeho sa limolek'hule tsa li-unit tsa D-glucose mme li ratoa bukeng ena. Ka liforomo tsa Haworth, liathomo tsa haedrojene tse amanang le lesale la saccharide hangata ha li hlahisoe.